USB stick installer won't boot on Intel NUC / Compute Stick

There are several known issues with the UEFI BIOS on Intel Compute Sticks and certain NUC models (mainly the more recent ones).:

• In order to boot TLXOS (or pretty much anything other than Windows), you must first turn Secure Boot off.
• Booting a non-default device using the F10 option may not work, for unknown reasons.  You therefore need to enter BIOS setup using F2 and configure it such that either the USB stick appears first in the UEFI boot order, or select the "boot USB device first" option.
• Leaving the PXE boot ROM enabled seems to clash with the Syslinux boot loader; this may be some kind of low memory contention problem (i.e. the BIOS uses too much memory, and overwrites RAM that Syslinux is using, or vice versa).  Unless you are actually using PXE boot, enter BIOS settings using F2 and set the PXE boot ROM to Disabled.
• Turning off UEFI boot will prevent legacy booting of TLXOS, because, frankly, the BIOS is poorly written.  The BIOS doesn't understand GPT partitioning unless UEFI booting is enabled, and pre-emptively decides that the GPT-partitioned TLXOS boot device is unbootable and won't even try to boot it.
• The BIOS may not action attempts by the TLXOS installer to change the default UEFI boot order using efibootmgr; on the original Fall City Compute Stick (STCK1A32WFC) this may even crash the BIOS(!).  Consequently, after the install completes you may need to enter BIOS settings using F2 and manually set the correct boot device.